公路桥梁伸缩缝C型
桥梁伸缩缝特点:
桥梁伸缩装置破坏的原因多数与锚固系统有关,锚固系统薄弱,本身就*破坏,在车辆的反复冲击下,会导致伸缩装置的过早破坏,因此伸缩装置的锚固系统相当重要。
1.在进行浅埋式伸缩缝(GQF型C40,C60,C80型桥梁伸缩缝)施工前要按照设计核对预留槽尺寸,并将预留槽内清扫干净。首先要对需切割的桥面分弹白色油漆线,以保证开槽缝的整齐、顺直,对于桥面系统伸缩位置两侧路面变形分,要适当加宽切除宽度,以保证混凝土与沥青混凝土接头分平整,另外,在切割时注意对路面的保护,做到不污染、不破坏为止。预埋锚固筋若不符合设计要求,必须首先处理,满足设计要求后方可安装伸缩缝。
2.浅埋式伸缩缝(GQF型C40,C60,C80型桥梁伸缩缝)在安装前应根据实际温度按照图纸设计中的计算公式调整组装定位值,用**卡具将其固定。在对槽内混凝土及砂袋清理时,注意保护预留槽内钢筋,以防造成缺少钢筋现象
3.安装时浅埋式伸缩缝(GQF型C40,C60,C80型桥梁伸缩缝)中心线与桥梁中心线应重合,并使其**面标高与设计标高相吻合,并使横坡、纵坡与桥面横坡、纵坡相符。
4、正确就位后,然后穿放横向联接水平钢筋,较好将伸缩缝上的锚固钢筋与预埋钢筋在两侧同时焊牢,如有困难,先将一侧焊牢,待达到已确定的安装气温后再将另一侧锚固筋全焊牢,并放松卡具,使其伸缩自由。
5.完成上述工序后,在预留槽口内浇筑混凝土,浇筑混凝土时应采取必要的措施,振捣密实。浇筑时不允许混凝土溅、填在密封橡胶带缝中及表面上,如果发生此现象应立即清除。浇筑完毕后进行养护.
6、待浅埋式伸缩缝两侧混凝土强度满足设计要求后,方可开放交通。施工方进行对于桥梁伸缩缝应注意:伸缩缝中所用的异型钢外观应光洁、平整,不允许变形扭曲。产品必须在工厂进行组装。组装钢构件应进行有效的防护处理。
伸缩缝的分类
Classification of expansion joints
1)对接式伸缩缝是使用早的伸缩缝。依据**道路工程的结构形式、受力特点可分成填塞对接式、嵌固对接式、波式,
The butt joint expansion joint uses an early expansion joint. According to the structural form and force characteristics of the municipal road engineering, it can be divided into plug-and-socket type, embedded and docked type, and wave type.
填塞对接型的伸缩缝是用橡胶、麻絮、木板、沥青等原料对缝隙填塞,填塞对接型伸缩缝所使用的填充材料对弹性性能要求很高,因为这种形式的伸缩体在所有情况下都会受力。
Filling and docking type expansion joints are filled with rubber, hemp, wood, asphalt and other raw materials. The filling material used for filling the butt-type expansion joints has high requirements on elastic properties, because this type of expansion joint is in all cases. Will be stressed.
嵌固对接式伸缩缝是用小同形状的钢制构件将小同材料固定。而波形则多数使用于桥梁新建工程。
The inlaid butt joint type expansion joint fixes the small material with a small steel member of the same shape. Most of the waveforms are used in new bridge construction projects.
2)钢制支承型伸缩缝是用钢材料制作而成,便于承受车轮负载,这类伸缩缝重点用于钢桥。
The steel-supported expansion joints are made of steel material to withstand the load of the wheel. These expansion joints are mainly used for steel bridges.
当车辆从钢制支承式伸缩缝驶过时,梁端转动变形会导致拍击作用,噪音很大,较易破坏结构。
When the vehicle passes through the steel-supported expansion joint, the rotational deformation of the beam end will result in a slap action, which is very noisy and easily damages the structure.
所以,应该采用带有螺栓弹簧的器械固定住滑动钢板,减少拍击和噪音,因为这种伸缩缝结构太过于复杂,一般运用的比较少。
Therefore, the sliding steel plate should be fixed by the instrument with the bolt spring to reduce the slap and noise, because the expansion joint structure is too complicated and generally used less.
3)板式伸缩缝是根据刚柔结合原理所做成的伸缩装置,在承受负载以后,有一定程度的竖向刚度,因此跨径问隙的能力较大,这种伸缩缝大的好处就是能让车辆平稳行驶。
The plate type expansion joint is a telescopic device made according to the principle of rigid-flexible combination. After bearing the load, it has a certain degree of vertical stiffness, so the ability of the span clearance is large. The advantage of this expansion joint is that it can make the vehicle Drive smoothly.